damage noun
1-) harm or injury
ADJECTIVE
considerable, enormous, great, serious, severe, substantial, significant, untold
・The storms had caused serious damage to the town.
little, minimal, minor, slight
・The minor damage to the book's cover doesn't affect the story inside.
extensive, widespread
・The wildfire caused widespread damage to the forest.
irreparable, irreversible, lasting, long-term, permanent
・The earthquake caused permanent damage to the historic building.
criminal, malicious, wilful, deliberate
・He was arrested and charged with criminal damage.
accidental
・The agency requires additional insurance to cover accidental damage.
ecological, environmental
・Some chemicals may cause environmental damage.
mechanical, physical, structural
・The heavy machinery caused physical damage to the pavement.
neurological, psychological, emotional
・The bullying at school caused psychological damage to the student.
NOUNS
brain, cartilage, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, nerve, skin, tissue
・He has been suffering permanent liver damage.
bomb, fire, flood, frost, hurricane, smoke, storm
・the atomic bomb damage in Hiroshima
VERBS
cause, do, inflict, lead to, result in
・The strong winds caused damage to the power lines.
have, incur, suffer, sustain
・The car only sustained minor damage in the accident.
repair, reverse, undo
・They had to repair the damage at their own expense.
limit, minimize, mitigate, reduce
・Taking immediate action can minimize the damage caused by a crisis.
avoid, guard against, prevent, protect against/from
・Is it too late to prevent climate change?
assess, check for, inspect for, look at, survey
・A team of experts was called in to assess the damage caused.
PREPOSITIONS
by
・The building suffered damage by fire.
from
・There is a small risk of brain damage from the procedure.
to
・The rumors will do untold damage to his reputation.
PHRASES
the cost/value of the damage
・The cost of the damage to the car was covered by insurance.
the extent of the damage
・When the smoke cleared we saw the extent of the damage.
2-) compensation for an injury or harm
ADJECTIVES
heavy, substantial
・Substantial damages were paid in recompense.
VERBS
incur, suffer
・The insurance policy covered damages incurred by natural disasters.
claim, seek, sue for
・The customer threatened to sue the company for damages.
assess
・The contractor had to assess the damages and offer compensation.
apportion, award • pay
・The court ordered him to pay damages for the accident.
obtain, receive, recover, win
・The customer received damages for the defective product.
be liable for, be liable in
・He could be liable for damages if it comes to court.
NOUNS
action, claim
・The lawyer advised his client to file a damages action to recover losses.
award
・The damages award was considered fair and just by both parties.
PREPOSITIONS
in
・The judge awarded her $50,000 in damages.
for
・The plaintiff was awarded damages for the breach of contract.
of
・The artist was awarded damages of $500,000 in the copyright infringement case.
PHRASES
an action/a claim for damages
・The victim filed a claim for damages against the negligent driver.
damage verb
ADVERBS
badly, seriously, severely
・Many buildings were badly damaged during the war.
slightly
・Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.
irreparably, permanently
・His knee injury was severe, leaving it damaged permanently.